<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael Weiss</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solange Sari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nadia Noori</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niche Formation in the Mashup Ecosystem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Technology Innovation Management Review</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ecosystems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">growth</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">keystones</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mashups</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">niche formation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">recombinant innovation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">speciation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://timreview.ca/article/683</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talent First Network</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ottawa</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13-17</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mashups enable end-users to &quot;mix and match&quot; data and services available on the web to create applications. Their creation is supported by a complex ecosystem of i) data providers who offer open APIs to users, ii) users who combine APIs into mashups, and iii) platforms, such as the ProgrammableWeb or Mashape, that facilitate the construction and publication of mashups. In this article, we argue that the evolution of the mashup ecosystem can be explained in terms of ecosystem niches anchored around hub or keystone APIs. The members of a niche are focused on an area of specialization (e.g., mapping applications) and contribute their knowledge to the value proposition of the ecosystem as a whole. To demonstrate the formation of niches in the mashup ecosystem, we model groups of related mashups as species, and we reconstruct the evolution of mashup species through phylogenetic analysis.  </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carleton University
Michael Weiss holds a faculty appointment in the Department of Systems and Computer Engineering at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and is a member of the Technology Innovation Management program. His research interests include open source, ecosystems, mashups, patterns, and social network analysis. Michael has published on the evolution of open source business, mashups, platforms, and technology entrepreneurship.</style></custom1><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carleton University
Solange Sari is a developer/programmer analyst who provides consulting services to both private and public organizations. Her interests includes the design, development, and assessment of web services following standards on usability, accessibility, and interoperability. She holds Master’s degrees in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and in Industrial Engineering from the Federal University of Santa Catarina in Florianópolis, Brazil.</style></custom2><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carleton University
Nadia Noori holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. Her research interests includes open source platforms, governance models and collaboration frameworks, and product architecture and design. </style></custom3></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carlo Daffara</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Q&amp;A. What Are the Long-Term Effects of Open Source?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Technology Innovation Management Review</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">code quality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">collaboration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">growth</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">open source</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">open standards</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://timreview.ca/article/514</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talent First Network</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ottawa</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29-30</style></pages><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conecta
Carlo Daffara is head of research at Conecta, an open source consulting company. He is the Italian member of the European Working Group on Libre Software, chairs several other working groups, including the Open Source Middleware Group of the IEEE Technical Committee on Scalable Computing and the Internet Society Working Group on Public Software, and contributed to the article presented by ISOC to UNESCO on global trends for universal access to information resources. His current research activity is centered on the sustainability of business models for open source software.</style></custom1></record></records></xml>