<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael Weiss</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solange Sari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nadia Noori</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niche Formation in the Mashup Ecosystem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Technology Innovation Management Review</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ecosystems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">evolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">growth</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">keystones</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mashups</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">niche formation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">recombinant innovation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">speciation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://timreview.ca/article/683</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talent First Network</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ottawa</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13-17</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mashups enable end-users to &quot;mix and match&quot; data and services available on the web to create applications. Their creation is supported by a complex ecosystem of i) data providers who offer open APIs to users, ii) users who combine APIs into mashups, and iii) platforms, such as the ProgrammableWeb or Mashape, that facilitate the construction and publication of mashups. In this article, we argue that the evolution of the mashup ecosystem can be explained in terms of ecosystem niches anchored around hub or keystone APIs. The members of a niche are focused on an area of specialization (e.g., mapping applications) and contribute their knowledge to the value proposition of the ecosystem as a whole. To demonstrate the formation of niches in the mashup ecosystem, we model groups of related mashups as species, and we reconstruct the evolution of mashup species through phylogenetic analysis.  </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carleton University
Michael Weiss holds a faculty appointment in the Department of Systems and Computer Engineering at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and is a member of the Technology Innovation Management program. His research interests include open source, ecosystems, mashups, patterns, and social network analysis. Michael has published on the evolution of open source business, mashups, platforms, and technology entrepreneurship.</style></custom1><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carleton University
Solange Sari is a developer/programmer analyst who provides consulting services to both private and public organizations. Her interests includes the design, development, and assessment of web services following standards on usability, accessibility, and interoperability. She holds Master’s degrees in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and in Industrial Engineering from the Federal University of Santa Catarina in Florianópolis, Brazil.</style></custom2><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carleton University
Nadia Noori holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. Her research interests includes open source platforms, governance models and collaboration frameworks, and product architecture and design. </style></custom3></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ludovico Prattico</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Governance of Open Source Software Foundations: Who Holds the Power?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Technology Innovation Management Review</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">artificial neural network</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">content analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">keystones</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">management structures</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">open source</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">open source software foundations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">organization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">power</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://timreview.ca/article/636</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talent First Network</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ottawa</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37-42</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The research reported in this article attempts to discover who holds the power in open source software foundations through the analysis of governance documents. Artificial neural network analysis is used to analyse the content of the bylaws of six open source foundations (Apache, Eclipse, GNOME, Plone, Python, and SPI) for the purpose of identifying power structures. Results of the research suggest that: i) the actions of an open source software foundation are centered around one of three groups: Members, Chairman/President/Executive Director, and Board of Directors; ii) in only one of the six foundations is the Board of Directors responsible for both the community and the product; and iii) artificial neural network analysis of the content of bylaws provides unbiased insights of the power structure of open source software foundations. These results may prove useful to those who contribute to open source foundations and use their products and services.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carleton University 
Ludovico Prattico is a recent graduate of the Technology Innovation Management program at Carleton University in Ottawa. In addition to his Master's degree research at Carleton, he oversaw the operations, external content, and overall support of the Carleton Entrepreneurs program and recruitment of candidates for the Lead To Win program. Previously, he worked at Nortel Networks and Bell-Northern Research, where he led the Optical Networks architecture and standards development team, and the high capacity OC-48 hardware team with the responsibility for the development and introduction of the dense wavelength division multiplexing product. Mr. Prattico also holds a Bachelor of Engineering (Electrical) degree from McGill University.</style></custom1></record></records></xml>