02826nas a2200313   4500008004100000022001400041245008500055210006900140260004200209300001000251490000600261520189600267653002302163653002102186653002302207653001602230653001402246653002202260653002902282653002702311653001702338653001902355100001802374700001802392700001802410700002202428700002502450856003702475       2016                        eng d  a1927-032100aThe Cuckoo’s Nest Approach for Co-Creating Business Ecosystems in Smart Cities0 aCuckoo s Nest Approach for CoCreating Business Ecosystems in Sma  aOttawabTalent First Networkc12/2016  a26-370 v63 aThe development of business ecosystems in smart cities is currently hampered by the absence of established approaches for facilitating long-term value and sustainability. In our view, the underlying reason is the lack of collective action involving various organizations in the design process. Collective action for the good of the whole ecosystem does not take place in existing participatory practices because of the dominating role of a single customer or designer organization (in urban development projects typically the owner-developer or lead architect), who uses their bargaining and decision-making power over others. This leads to sub-optimal behaviour where the system is optimized for the goals of one strong organization instead of collectively developed system-level goals of the business ecosystem as a whole. The Cuckoo’s Nest approach addresses this problem by inviting various expert organizations to design the system and assigning each organization design rights for the ecosystem and its system-level goal. The Cuckoo’s Nest approach enhances collective action among the organizations by making individuals from various organizations consider the interests, goals, objectives, and value-adding elements of other organizations – not just those of their own organizations. With the Cuckoo’s Nest approach, the business ecosystem comes first, and single organizations’ goals or specific design features come second. This article discusses the outcomes of two workshops where the Cuckoo’s Nest approach was used for the purpose of developing business ecosystems in connection with smart city development projects within the Helsinki Metropolitan Area. We outline the steps involved in the Cuckoo’s Nest approach and how they were applied in these two smart city projects, and we describe how it is being refined for further use in other locations and contexts.10abusiness ecosystem10abusiness network10acampus development10aco-creation10aco-design10acollective action10aCuckoo’s Nest Approach10aparticipatory planning10asmart cities10asustainability1 aArtto, Karlos1 aKyrö, Riikka1 aAhola, Tuomas1 aPeltokorpi, Antti1 aSandqvist, Kristiina  uhttp://timreview.ca/article/103901606nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245010000055210006900155260004200224300001000266490000600276520090000282653001401182653001701196653001701213653002201230653003001252653001501282100002301297700002001320856003601340       2016                        eng d  a1927-032100aThe Evolution of Intermediary Activities: Broadening the Concept of Facilitation in Living Labs0 aEvolution of Intermediary Activities Broadening the Concept of F  aOttawabTalent First Networkc01/2016  a45-580 v63 aInnovation intermediaries play an important role in open innovation endeavours. In living lab projects, where different professional identities and organizational cultures are at play, intermediary actors facilitate learning between stakeholders and manage tensions and conflicts of interest. The current living lab literature recognizes the importance and multifacetedness of these actors, but does not shed light on the work they do at a more practical level. Our study seeks to capture the variety and evolution of work tasks of user-side innovation intermediaries during and after a four-year technology project in a living lab. The study explores how these mediating actors tackle the everyday challenges of a living lab project. This article is grounded on a longitudinal qualitative case study of a innovation process for a floor monitoring system for elderly care – the "smart floor". 10aco-design10aelderly care10afacilitation10ahealth technology10ainnovation intermediaries10aLiving lab1 aHakkarainen, Louna1 aHyysalo, Sampsa  uhttp://timreview.ca/article/960