@article {1372,
	title = {A Conceptual Development of a Business Model Typology in Tourism: the impact of digitalization and location},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {07/2020},
	pages = {17-28},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {17},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {This paper aims to conceptually develop a business model typology in tourism. It focuses on digitalization and destination location as important contextual factors when developing the typology. The paper builds on prior research on business models and tourism research by adopting configuration theory to create a typology of business models in tourism businesses. Four business model archetypes are identified: (1) bricks and mortar business models, (2) digitalized destinations, (3) create a destination, and (4) intermediary business models. The typology contributes to the literature by identifying different types of business models in the tourism sector. The typology also helps to ground the business model concept theoretically, something that has been considered as missing in previous business model research.},
	keywords = {business models, configurations, destination, digitalization, location, technology, tourism, typology},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1372},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1372},
	author = {Gabriel Linton and Christina {\"O}berg}
}
@article {1298,
	title = {Editorial: Insights (January 2020)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {01/2020},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {AI, artificial intelligence, B2B sales, big data, business-to-business sales, data-based value, digital solutions, ecosystem, ecosystems, Ethics, Gujarat State, Indian IT industry, innovation, IT clusters, Knowledge Innovation clusters, Networks Analysis, regional development, Roboethics, Smart robot, strategy, Systematic literature review, technology, value capture, value creation, value sales},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1298},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1298},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Gregory Sandstrom}
}
@article {1363,
	title = {Editorial: Insights (June 2020)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {06/2020},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {Bitcoin, blockchain, crowdfunding, crypto assets, cryptocurrencies, developing countries., distributed ledger technology, Employeedriven innovation, entrepreneurial finance, entrepreneurship, Ethereum, Financial industry, FinTech, ICOs, IEO, innovation, intellectual property rights, internationalization, IT industry, job autonomy, mining industry, moral hazard, need for autonomy, new company, Porter{\textquoteright}s Five Forces framework, regulation, scaling company value, scaling-up, self-leadership, signaling, SME, STO, sustainability, technological environment, technology, technology readiness, token offering, token sales, tokenization, value proposition, value proposition alignment, venture capital},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1363},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1363},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Gregory Sandstrom}
}
@article {1353,
	title = {More for Less? Sharing Economy as a Driver of Public Welfare Innovation},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {05/2020},
	pages = {19-27},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {19},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {This article investigates sharing economy as a path to welfare innovation. It is based on a case where a digital platform is activated in order to support sharing among citizens with lung disease, and thereby increase health and well-being. The case exemplifies how sharing economy currently is taken up by public actors in the attempt to prolong the goals of the public sector beyond itself. This implies drawing everyday sharing practices into a new middle between formal organization and private relations. In a critical response to literature on sharing economy that tends to reduce "sharing" to "transaction", the article draws attention to how sharing entangles with hopes, fears, and affectual engagements of everyday life, and to how it interacts with technology in unforeseen ways and beyond anticipated outcomes. Based on the analysis, the article concludes that there may be good reasons for public welfare authorities to engage in facilitating sharing among citizens. This is not because it is likely to provide "more for less" in relation to predetermined goals, but rather because it can open up other kinds of welfare outcomes that cannot be produced by public organizations themselves.},
	keywords = {innovation, public sector, sharing economy, technology, welfare state},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1353},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1353},
	author = {Eva Pallesen and Marie Aakj{\ae}r}
}
@article {1364,
	title = {A Two-Staged Approach to Technology Entrepreneurship: Differential Effects of Intellectual Property Rights},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {06/2020},
	pages = {5-13},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {5},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {In this article we examine how the strength of the intellectual property rights (IPR) regime drives technology entrepreneurship innovation (TEI) that comprise novel unfamiliar technological products and new business models, which in turn lead to new product-market combinations. We consider TEI to be a two-stage process that involves access and use of new technologies and technological resources by entrepreneurs. While stronger IPR may constrain easy availability of new technologies and technological resources for entrepreneurs, use of these leads to TEI. We suggest that stronger IPR regimes could lead to TEI and its positive effect is felt through easy accessibility of the latest technologies and technology resources by entrepreneurs. Our model contributes to the understanding of the effect of strong IPR regimes on the different stages of the innovation process.},
	keywords = {entrepreneurship, innovation, intellectual property rights, technology},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1364},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1364},
	author = {Saurav Pathak and Etayankara Muralidharan}
}
@article {1321,
	title = {What impedes the success of late mover IT clusters despite economically favorable environments? A case study of an Indian IT cluster},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {01/2020},
	pages = {54-67},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {54},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {The Information Technology (IT) industry in India, is one of the major contributors to the country{\textquoteright}s growth story. It is organized in a few strong and dominant clusters across the country. Recent research focuses on the emergence, growth and success of the seven big IT clusters that account for 96.55\% of total software exports from the country. Unlike the six successful late mover clusters, there are several other late mover IT clusters that have not experienced similar growth. Why do some of the late mover IT clusters in India succeed while others fail to take off despite favorable economic conditions? This paper applies a case study method to answer this research question by examining a single cluster, using both primary and secondary data. The paper concludes with a new framework to explain how an IT cluster lacks the motivation to succeed when it has to gain traction alongside the competing dynamics of traditional businesses. We find this to be the case more so when traditional businesses are thriving and growing.},
	keywords = {Gujarat State, Indian IT industry, IT clusters, Knowledge Innovation clusters, technology},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1321},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1321},
	author = {Harini Mittal and Punit Saurabh and Devang Rohit and Kathak Mehta}
}
@article {1214,
	title = {Editorial: Insights (February 2019)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2019},
	month = {02/2019},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {digital innovation, digital transformation, innovation, innovation ecosystems, management, sharing economy, technology},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1214},
	url = {https://timreview.ca/article/1214},
	author = {Chris McPhee}
}
@article {1207,
	title = {Editorial: Technology Commercialization and Entrepreneurship (January 2019)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2019},
	month = {01/2019},
	pages = {3-8},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {commercialization, digitalization, e-leadership, entrepreneurship, framework, innovation, internationalization, legitimacy, management, SMEs, startups, technology, technology intensity, ventures},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1207},
	url = {https://timreview.ca/article/1207},
	author = {Chris McPhee and Ferran Giones and Dev K. Dutta}
}
@article {1246,
	title = {Women Managers and Entrepreneurs and Digitalization: On the Verge of a New Era or a Nervous Breakdown?},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2019},
	month = {06/2019},
	pages = {14-24},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {The purpose of this article is to examine how female managers and entrepreneurs are employing digital technologies in their working and private lives and what they think about digitalization. The material for the study was gathered through interviews with women in South Savo, Finland. The article builds on the theory of technology domestication, emphasizing the role of users in making a technology usable in their everyday contexts. The findings show that women experience challenges but also gain clear benefits when employing digital technologies. Among the challenges is that women are traditionally rather reserved when it comes to applying technology. Among the benefits is the practice-oriented stance of women towards digital technologies. Moreover, the rise of digital social media and its increasing importance in the working and business environments could make it easier for women to manage both work- and family-related communication. This may improve their wellbeing at work and help women towards equality at work. However, they need support in finding their digitalized career paths. },
	keywords = {domestication, family, ICT, technology, wellbeing, women, work},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1246},
	url = {https://timreview.ca/article/1246},
	author = {Mervi Rajahonka and Kaija Villman}
}
@article {1202,
	title = {The Library Living Lab: A Collaborative Innovation Model for Public Libraries},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2018},
	month = {12/2018},
	pages = {17-25},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {New models of governance advance towards participatory schemes in which citizens not only play an active role in decision-making processes but also the processes by which new products and services are defined and introduced. In parallel, technological innovations, and the new horizons of creativity that they allow, open a huge range of options to innovation in all areas of society, particularly in the cultural field. Under these two premises {\textendash} participation and innovation {\textendash} the Library Living Lab initiative was born at the Public Library of Miquel Batllori Volpelleres in Sant Cugat del Vall{\`e}s, Barcelona. The Library Living Lab is a space that gathers all stakeholders around the public library with the aim of exploring new methods and tools that allow us to enjoy culture both individually and collectively. This article describes how technology can be an enabling factor in a citizen-initiated grassroots project. The project implements a complete model of inter-institutional collaboration with all relevant actors around the living lab working group. The specific challenges of developing an open, flexible, and inter-connected space are identified, and the interaction dynamics based on a challenge{\textendash}action{\textendash}return methodology definition are described through practical examples. Our conclusions tackle the challenges of a horizon for the implementation of innovation initiatives {\textendash} such as living labs {\textendash} in public spaces. },
	keywords = {cultural spaces, innovation, library, Living lab, participatory, public spaces, technology},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1202},
	url = {https://timreview.ca/article/1202},
	author = {Fernando Vilari{\~n}o and Dimosthenis Karatzas and Alberto Valcarce}
}
@article {1132,
	title = {Q\&A. What Barriers Do Women Face in Becoming High-Tech Entrepreneurs in Rural India?},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2018},
	month = {01/2018},
	pages = {33-36},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {barriers, challenges, entrepreneurship, India, rural, technology, women},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1132},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1132},
	author = {Rituparna Basu and Sarada Chatterjee}
}
@article {1138,
	title = {Supporting Self-Determined Indigenous Innovations: Rethinking the Digital Divide in Canada},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2018},
	month = {02/2018},
	pages = {38-48},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {This article seeks to revisit dominant narratives of digital technological development in Indigenous communities in Canada. By prioritizing Indigenous voices and drawing from concepts of self-determination and sovereignty, this analysis reorients discourse surrounding the {\textquotedblleft}digital divide{\textquotedblright} towards a strength-based approach that positions Indigenous peoples as innovators and creators, not just consumers, of digital technologies. This article begins with a discussion of how dominant media has used technology and technological imagery to misrepresent Indigenous cultures and perpetuate colonial biases, and emphasizes the importance of making space for Indigenous future imagery. Following this is a discussion of digital storytelling and virtual landscapes, showcasing a small sample of Indigenous initiatives online, in video game and app development, and in augmented and virtual reality. Finally, this article considers the potential of {\textquotedblleft}makerspaces{\textquotedblright} as a framework for future action to bridge theory and practice. },
	keywords = {digital, Indigenous, innovation, makerspaces, technology},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1138},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1138},
	author = {Jasmin Winter and Justine Boudreau}
}
@article {1131,
	title = {Technology Entrepreneurship in Emerging Markets: An Exploration of Entrepreneurial Models Prevalent in India},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2018},
	month = {01/2018},
	pages = {24-32},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Are the features and processes of entrepreneurship {\textendash} such as wealth creation, risk taking, vision, identification of a niche market, launching new products, and so on {\textendash} common across the world? Many would assume they would be. However, firms that are entrepreneurial in nature and belong to emerging markets may or may not follow the established models of developed economies. In this study, we sought to explore various types of entrepreneurial models that are prevalent in an emerging market. For this purpose, we collected primary and secondary data to identify characteristics of technology-based entrepreneurial firms in India. Based on the two dimensions of degree of demand/supply and expected loss/risk, we identify four models of entrepreneurship {\textendash} incremental, proactive, radical, and reactive {\textendash} and illustrate each model with examples from Indian companies. },
	keywords = {emerging markets, entrepreneurship, India, models, technology, typology},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1131},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1131},
	author = {Shiv S Tripathi and Mita Brahma}
}
@article {1145,
	title = {To Internationalize or Not to Internationalize? A Descriptive Study of a Brazilian Startup},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2018},
	month = {03/2018},
	pages = {38-46},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {This study examines the failed internationalization experience of a Brazilian high-tech startup. The research methodology of the study is descriptive and aims to explore whether this startup should re-internationalize, despite an unsuccessful first experience. Based on interviews with the founders, it was found that the initial internationalization took place in an incipient way, in the heat of the moment. The lack of success with the initial internationalization did not shake the directors of the startup, who aim to return to internationalization, now in a consolidated way and counting on the advice of an investor. Despite its bitter first experience, should the startup try again? Through an analysis of the lessons learned from the startup{\textquoteright}s initial failure and insights from its consideration of a possible second attempt, this study contributes to the literature on competitiveness, internationalization, and international entrepreneurship.},
	keywords = {entrepreneurial, innovation, internationalization, startups, technology},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1145},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1145},
	author = {Flavia Luciane Scherer and Italo Fernando Minello and Cristiane Kr{\"u}ger and Andr{\'e}a Bach Rizzatti}
}
@article {1090,
	title = {Comparing the Entrepreneurial Ecosystems for Technology Startups in Bangalore and Hyderabad, India},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {07/2017},
	pages = {47-62},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Technology startups are gaining increasing attention from policy makers the world over because they are seen as a means of encouraging innovations, spurring the development of new products and services, and generating employment. Technology startups tend to thrive when inserted in a conducive entrepreneurial ecosystem. Therefore, ecosystem promotion is being given increasing policy support. However, the emergence and structure of entrepreneurial ecosystems for technology startups have hardly been traced and examined in detail. In India, Bangalore occupies a unique position in the startup world, and Hyderabad is fast emerging as one of the promising startup hubs in the country. Given this background, we set out to explore and examine the structure, evolution, and growth of ecosystems for technology startups in the context of Bangalore and Hyderabad. Both the ecosystems emerged due to the initial foundation laid in the form of government{\textendash}industry{\textendash}academia triple helix and their interactions leading to the emergence of a modern industrial cluster followed by an information technology and biotechnology cluster, which then led to R\&D cluster serving both the cities. These three clusters together, gradually and steadily, facilitated an entrepreneurial ecosystem for technology startups to emerge. The ecosystem operates within the triple helix model and has a nucleus with two outer layers: i) an inner layer of primary (indispensable) factors and ii) an outer layer of supplementary (secondary) factors. Through the analysis of the experiences of Bangalore and Hyderabad and their ecosystem evolution, its structure, and components, we derive key lessons for others within and beyond India. },
	keywords = {Bangalore, ecosystems, entrepreneurship, Hyderabad, India, startups, technology},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1090},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1090},
	author = {M H Bala Subrahmanya}
}
@article {1101,
	title = {Editorial: Platforms and Ecosystems (September 2017)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {09/2017},
	pages = {3-5},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {digital transformation, ecosystems, innovation, orchestrators, platform economy, platforms, stakeholders, startups, strategy, technology, value creation},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1101},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1101},
	author = {Chris McPhee and Ozgur Dedehayir and Marko Sepp{\"a}nen}
}
@article {1087,
	title = {Reflecting on 10 Years of the TIM Review},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {07/2017},
	pages = {5-20},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {In July 2007, the first issue of this journal was published under the banner of the Open Source Business Resource. Re-launched with a broader scope in 2011 as the Technology Innovation Management Review, the journal now celebrates its 10th anniversary. In this article, we review the 10-year history of the journal to examine what themes have been covered, who has contributed, and how much the articles have been read and cited. During those 10 years, the journal has published 120 monthly issues, including more than 800 publications by more than 800 international authors from industry, academia, the public sector, and beyond. As discovered with topic modelling, the journal has covered seven themes: open source business, technology entrepreneurship, growing a business, research approaches, social innovation, living labs, and cybersecurity. Overall, the website has attracted over 1 million readers from around the world {\textendash} 31\% from Asia, 30\% from the Americas, 26\% from Europe, 8\% from Africa, and 5\% from Oceania {\textendash} with over 25,000 readers now accessing the site each month. },
	keywords = {business, entrepreneurship, innovation, journal, management, open source, OSBR, research, scientometric analyses, technology, TIM Review, topic, topic modelling},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1087},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1087},
	author = {Chris McPhee and Teemu Santonen and Ahmed Shah and Ali Nazari}
}
@article {1029,
	title = {Editorial: Innovation in Tourism (November 2016)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2016},
	month = {11/2016},
	pages = {3-5},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {action research, boundary objects, co-creation, crowdsourcing, innovation, living labs, smart cities, smart destinations, technology, tourism},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1029},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1029},
	author = {Chris McPhee and David Guimont and Dominic Lapointe}
}
@article {967,
	title = {TIM Lecture Series {\textendash} Insights from Success and Failure in Technology Businesses},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2016},
	month = {02/2016},
	pages = {36-39},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {Blackberry, book launch, innovation, insights, lessons, management, Nortel, Research in Motion, technology, technology innovation management review, TIM Review},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/967},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/967},
	author = {Chris McPhee and Peter Carbone and Sean Silcoff}
}
@article {939,
	title = {Editorial: 100th Issue (November 2015)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2015},
	month = {11/2015},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {3D printing, born-global firms, collaborative innovation, cybersafety, cybersecurity, cyberspace, future research, innovation, lean global startups, lean startups, management, Open innovation, social innovation, supply chains, technology, technology innovation management review, TIM Review},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/939},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/939},
	author = {Chris McPhee}
}
@article {868,
	title = {Editorial: Technology in Service Innovation (February 2015)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2015},
	month = {02/2015},
	pages = {3-5},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {customer experience, electronic procurement, employee-driven innovation, knowledge-intensive business services, personal health systems, service innovation, system innovation, technology, value co-creation},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/868},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/868},
	author = {Chris McPhee and Stephen L. Vargo and Marja Toivonen and Risto Rajala}
}
@article {940,
	title = {Reflecting on 100 Issues of the TIM Review},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2015},
	month = {11/2015},
	pages = {5-11},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {First launched in 2007, the Technology Innovation Management Review has now reached the milestone of 100 issues. This article looks back over these first 100 issues, the themes they covered, trends in authorship and readership, and future opportunities and challenges for the journal.},
	keywords = {business, entrepreneurship, innovation, journal, management, Open Source Business Resource, OSBR, technology, technology innovation management review, TIM Review},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/940},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/940},
	author = {Chris McPhee}
}
@article {895,
	title = {Viability Radar: A Practical Tool for Assessing the Viability of Transformative Service Innovations in a Healthcare Context},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2015},
	month = {05/2015},
	pages = {17-30},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {This article develops and showcases the viability radar, which is designed to assess the innovation potential of transformative service ideas. Based on service research and innovation literature, we highlight the importance of novel simplifying technology, supporting value networks, cost-effective business models, and regulatory environments that enable the renewal of prevailing market practices. We operationalize the radar with a set of questions and assess the innovation potential of three pilot cases of new transformative healthcare services. },
	keywords = {business model, ecosystem, healthcare, innovation, institutionalization, technology, transformative service, viability, viability assessment, viability radar},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/895},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/895},
	author = {Marikka Heikkil{\"a} and Jouni Saarni and Valtteri Kaartemo and Aki Koponen}
}
@article {792,
	title = {The Promoting Force of Technology for Service Innovation in High-Tech Industries},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2014},
	month = {05/2014},
	pages = {40-49},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {This article focuses on the interaction between the development of technology and service innovation. It goes {\textquotedblleft}back to the basics{\textquotedblright} by analyzing the first theoretical contributions to the service innovation literature from the late 1980s. These contributions were heavily technologically oriented: they aimed at bringing the results of technological innovation to the realm of services. More specifically, we focus on the model of {\textquotedblleft}reverse innovation cycle{\textquotedblright} on one hand, and on the first innovation-specific categorization of services on the other. The latter introduced the division into supplier-dominated, production-intensive/scale-intensive, and science-based services. Our purpose is to examine in which ways these theoretical approaches could promote our understanding about the new phenomena of technology-service interaction in innovation. In the second part of the article, we apply these approaches in five case studies that originate from different service industries and that differ in size and technologies. The findings of the analysis demonstrate that the applicability of the approaches to the case studies depends on several factors including the kind of technology involved in the innovation activities, the stage of development of this technology, and the type of service. },
	keywords = {case studies, dynamic model of process and product innovation, reverse innovation cycle, service innovation, technology, technology adoption, technology development, typologies},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/792},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/792},
	author = {Silvia Gliem and Janny Klabuhn and Nadine Litwin}
}
@article {723,
	title = {Time to Innovate: Reflections and Recommendations on Time Management for Innovation Managers},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2013},
	month = {09/2013},
	pages = {13-19},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Effective time management is a critical success factor for most projects; however, it is particularly challenging for projects involving substantial innovation. For most projects, time (i.e., the schedule) becomes a management "red flag" that signals when something goes wrong or gets out of control. The challenge for projects involving significant innovation is that one or more critical activities may be of an unknown duration or involve factors outside the normal design process and require "red flagging" from the outset. Managers of innovation projects have to distinguish between those activities or work packets that are a part of {\textquotedblleft}business as usual{\textquotedblright} and those that involve innovation. They must identify and quantify the schedule risks and develop strategies to mitigate them. For example, one strategy to manage time-related risk is to decouple the innovation value as perceived by the customer (innovation output) from the technology innovation that is needed to deliver the product value in a cost-effective manner (innovation input). This strategy should take into account the likely consequences of longer-than-anticipated innovation time. Two common risks associated with poor time management for innovation are running out of financial runway to reach sustainable revenue and missing a critical market window. In this article, the author reflects on almost 30 years of experience in the Canadian innovation system across several industry sectors and provides some practical recommendations on time management for innovation managers.},
	keywords = {commercialization, innovation, product development, technology, time management},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/723},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/723},
	author = {Robert J. Crawhall}
}
@article {521,
	title = {Entrepreneurial Effort in the Theory of the Firm},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2012},
	month = {02/2012},
	pages = {13-16},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {This article develops a link between the theory of the firm and entrepreneurship theory to enable the study of employee entrepreneurial behaviour. First, we describe how incomplete contracts permit employee entrepreneurial effort in the theory of the firm. Next, we argue that emancipation offers an explanation for entrepreneurial effort that is not motivated by financial gain. Finally, we show how new technology creates conditions where the boundary of the firm may change and where entrepreneurial effort by employees may occur.},
	keywords = {emancipation, employee, entrepreneurship, technology, theory of the firm},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/521},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/521},
	author = {David Hudson}
}
@article {629,
	title = {TIM Lecture Series - 29 Lessons Learned in Entrepreneurship},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2012},
	month = {11/2012},
	pages = {46-48},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {entrepreneurship, lessons learned, startups, strategy, technology},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/629},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/629},
	author = {Wes Biggs}
}
