@article {1431,
	title = {Editorial: Aligning Multiple Stakeholder Value Propositions (April 2021)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2021},
	month = {04/2021},
	pages = {3-5},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1431},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1431},
	author = {Tony Bailetti and Christian Keen and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {1429,
	title = {Editorial: Celebrating the World of Innovation (March 2021)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2021},
	month = {03/2021},
	pages = {3-3},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1429},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1429},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Gregory Sandstrom}
}
@article {1416,
	title = {Editorial: Insights (January 2021)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2021},
	month = {01/2021},
	pages = {3},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {Digital disruption, digital ecosystem, eCommerce, ecosystem, FAIR, Global eCom, innovation, Innovation management, innovation process, internationalization, interoperability, knowledge, opportunity, roadmap, scientometrics, small business, sustainability, text mining, university cooperation},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1416},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1416},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Gregory Sandstrom}
}
@article {1437,
	title = {Editorial: Insights (May 2021)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2021},
	month = {05/2021},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Gregory Sandstrom}
}
@article {1432,
	title = {Interview: Discussing Value Proposition Research in the Context of New Companies Committed to Scaling Early and Rapidly},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2021},
	month = {04/2021},
	pages = {6-12},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {6},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {business ecosystems, implicitly vs. explicitly formulated value propositions, new scaling companies, value proposition, value proposition alignment},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1432},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1432},
	author = {Adrian Payne and Pennie Frow and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {1457,
	title = {Using Web Text Analytics to Categorize the Business Focus  of Innovative Digital Health Companies},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2021},
	month = {10/2021},
	pages = {65-78},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {65},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Categorizing the market focus of larger samples of companies can be a tedious and time-consuming process for both researchers and business analysts interested in developing insights about emerging business sectors. The objective of this article is to suggest a text analytics approach to categorizing the application areas of companies operating in the digital health sector based on the information provided on their websites. More specifically, we apply topic modeling on a collection of text documents, including information collected from the websites of a sample of 100 innovative digital health companies. The topic model helps in grouping the companies offering similar types of market offers. It enables identifying the companies that are most highly associated with each of the topics. In addition, it allows identifying some of the emerging themes that are discussed online by the companies, as well as their specific market offers. The results will be of interest to inspiring technology entrepreneurs, organizations supporting new ventures, and business accelerators interested to enhance their services to new venture clients. The development, operationalization, and automation of the company categorization process based on publicly available information is a methodological contribution that opens the opportunity for future applications in research and business practice.},
	keywords = {Digital health sector, machine learning, Market offer, topic modeling algorithm, value proposition, web analytics},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1457},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1457},
	author = {Abdulla Aweisi and Daman Arora and Ren{\'e}e Emby and Madiha Rehman and George Tanev and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {1435,
	title = {Value Proposition Misalignment and the Failure to Become a Born-Global Company},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2021},
	month = {04/2021},
	pages = {38-51},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {38},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {This inductive study explores factors by which some new and innovative firms try yet fail to achieve born-global status. Born-global studies have a survivorship bias, with errors of omission that paint a favourable picture of how innovative and well-funded new ventures internationalise. In this paper, we counter such biases by focussing on innovative ventures that expressed intentions to become born global but failed to do so. Our findings reveal that these new ventures fail in two ways. Either they underestimate the need to tailor a portfolio of value propositions and over-extend their efforts across too many markets, a pattern called "baby born-global". Or they over-commit to one market at a time, thus limiting their capacity to develop value propositions in similar markets, a pattern called "micro multinational".},
	keywords = {Born-global, failure, internationalisation, premature scaling, value propositions},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1435},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1435},
	author = {Roshana Prabaharan and Martin Bliemel and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {1349,
	title = {Call for Papers: Aligning multiple stakeholder value propositions: the challenge of new companies  committed to scale early and rapidly},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {04/2020},
	pages = {80-82},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {80},
	address = {Ottawa},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1349},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1349},
	author = {Tony Bailetti and Christian Keen and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {1390,
	title = {Editorial: Innovating in Times of Crisis (September 2020)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {09/2020},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1390},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1390},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Gregory Sandstrom}
}
@article {1410,
	title = {Editorial: Insights (December 2020)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {12/2020},
	pages = {3-3},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {5G technology; Bitcoin, blockchain, business model, business model innovation, crypto assets, cryptocurrencies, Diem, Diem Association, digital currency, distributed ledger technology, Facebook, fiat currencies, financial inclusion, Financial industry, front-end, ideation, innovation, Libra, local currencies, Management Model, not-for-profit, research center, strategic foresight, strategy, technology firms; project portfolio management, tokenization; product innovativeness, visioning},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1410},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1410},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Gregory Sandstrom}
}
@article {1298,
	title = {Editorial: Insights (January 2020)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {01/2020},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {AI, artificial intelligence, B2B sales, big data, business-to-business sales, data-based value, digital solutions, ecosystem, ecosystems, Ethics, Gujarat State, Indian IT industry, innovation, IT clusters, Knowledge Innovation clusters, Networks Analysis, regional development, Roboethics, Smart robot, strategy, Systematic literature review, technology, value capture, value creation, value sales},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1298},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1298},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Gregory Sandstrom}
}
@article {1375,
	title = {Editorial: Insights (July 2020)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {07/2020},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1375},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1375},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Gregory Sandstrom}
}
@article {1363,
	title = {Editorial: Insights (June 2020)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {06/2020},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {Bitcoin, blockchain, crowdfunding, crypto assets, cryptocurrencies, developing countries., distributed ledger technology, Employeedriven innovation, entrepreneurial finance, entrepreneurship, Ethereum, Financial industry, FinTech, ICOs, IEO, innovation, intellectual property rights, internationalization, IT industry, job autonomy, mining industry, moral hazard, need for autonomy, new company, Porter{\textquoteright}s Five Forces framework, regulation, scaling company value, scaling-up, self-leadership, signaling, SME, STO, sustainability, technological environment, technology, technology readiness, token offering, token sales, tokenization, value proposition, value proposition alignment, venture capital},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1363},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1363},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Gregory Sandstrom}
}
@article {1404,
	title = {Editorial: Insights (November 2020)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {11/2020},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {AI innovation and maturity, and diaspora entrepreneurs., artificial intelligence, confidential information, criminal law, digitally enhanced teamwork, economic espionage, entrepreneurship, health technology, immigrants, Innovation management, living labs, migration, Multidisciplinarity, situated practice, small and medium-sized enterprises, stakeholder participation, sustainability, trade secrets, transnationals},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1404},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1404},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Gregory Sandstrom}
}
@article {1381,
	title = {Editorial: ISPIM Bangkok (August 2020)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {08/2020},
	pages = {3},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {Basic research, biotech startups., co-working, Conceptual research, disruption, incubators, innovation, Integrative marketing, investors, knowledge-sharing, Open marketing, organizational capabilities, Pharmaceutical companies, roles, service ecosystems, service entities, service-dominant logic, stakeholders, strategic marketing, strategy-innovation link, structured literature review, triadic relationships, University and Public research institute, value co-creation},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1380},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1380},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Gregory Sandstrom}
}
@article {1324,
	title = {Examining the Relationship Between Value Propositions and Scaling Value for New Companies},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {02/2020},
	pages = {5-13},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	type = {Journal },
	chapter = {5},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {To scale company value rapidly, a new company needs to develop value propositions for diverse parties, customers, investors, partners, suppliers, employees, and other resource owners, as well as align these value propositions with its scaling objectives. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships between value propositions for a diverse set of parties, and efforts from a new company to scale company value rapidly. We review the value proposition literature and then examine the relationships between 19 assertions about value propositions, as well as six stable topics that best describe the SERS corpus, which is comprised of 137 assertions about scaling companies early, rapidly, and securely. Conducting a topic model of eight topics led to six stable topics: Fundraise, Enable, Position, Communicate, Innovate, and Complement. We find that of the 19 assertions about value propositions, four are connected to Complement, four to Innovate, one to Position, one to Fundraise, and one to Communicate. A total of eight assertions about value propositions are not connected to any of the six stable topics. This paper contributes to our understanding of how a new company scales company value rapidly, adding an application of topic modelling to perform small-scale data analysis. The findings are expected to be relevant to entrepreneurs and new companies worldwide.},
	keywords = {scaling company value, scaling objectives, topic modeling, topic stability, value proposition},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1324},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1324},
	author = {Tony Bailetti and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {1395,
	title = {Sustainability-related Communication Patterns on the Websites of European Top R\&D Spenders},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {10/2020},
	pages = {43-54},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {43},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Many firms struggle to incorporate "sustainability" into their operations in a way that can capture economic value and deliver social and environmental benefits. This article aims to answer two questions in this regard: (i) How do companies articulate the sustainability aspects of their businesses online, and (ii) In what ways does the degree of articulation of specific sustainability aspects relate to company performance metrics, such as sales and R\&D expenditure. The research method measures the occurrences of a set of sustainability-related keywords on the websites of a sample of 387 firms that were ranked as top R\&D spenders in Europe for 2013. We processed the keyword occurrences in a simplified version of latent semantic analysis based on the application of principal component analysis to identify the specific combinations of words used by companies to communicate sustainability issues on their websites. The results show that "sustainable innovation" and "sustainable operations" based on partnerships and cooperation represent a dominant part of companies{\textquoteright} online communication strategies. One of the findings suggests a strong relationship between the communication of sustainable innovation aspects and sales, which offers a promising message to companies looking for evidence about the potential impact of their commitment to sustainable operations and innovation.},
	keywords = {business decision-making, online communication, online data collection, principal component analysis, R\&D, research and development, sustainability, sustainable innovation},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1395},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1395},
	author = {Giacomo Liotta and Stoyan Tanev and Andrea Gorra and Alicja Izabela Pospieszala}
}
@article {1365,
	title = {What Makes Value Propositions Distinct and Valuable to New Companies Committed to Scale Rapidly?},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2020},
	month = {06/2020},
	pages = {14-27},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {14},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {One of the most valuable resources a company owns is the "portfolio of value propositions" to its diverse external stakeholders, such as customers, investors, and resource owners. In this article, we fill a gap in the value proposition literature by identifying features that make the value propositions of new companies different from other resources, along with factors that make them valuable. A value proposition is conceived as being what enables and improves business transactions between a new company and external stakeholders. We reason that two features in particular make value propositions of new companies distinct: (1) business transactions between a new company and one or more external stakeholders, and (2) investments to create and improve a new company{\textquoteright}s value propositions that enable business transactions. We provide a definition of "value proposition" and postulate that a value proposition will benefit a new company when it: (1) strengthens the new company{\textquoteright}s capabilities to scale; (2) increases demand for the new company{\textquoteright}s products and services; and (3) increases the number, diversity, and rapidity of external investments in the new company{\textquoteright}s value proposition portfolio.},
	keywords = {new company, scaling company value, scaling-up, value proposition, value proposition alignment},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1365},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1365},
	author = {Tony Bailetti and Stoyan Tanev and Christian Keen}
}
@article {1286,
	title = {Editorial: Artificial Intelligence and Innovation Management (December 2019)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2019},
	month = {12/2019},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1286},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1286},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Gregory Sandstrom}
}
@article {1270,
	title = {Editorial: Celebrating Innovation in Florence (October 2019)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2019},
	month = {10/2019},
	pages = {3-4},
	chapter = {3},
	keywords = {behavioural economics, behavioural science, bibliometric analysis, business models, Buyer-Supplier Relationships, choice architecture, collaboration, consumer-to-business, Content creator-based business models, content creators, creativity management, digital platforms, digital technologies, digital transformation, Digital user involvement, digitalization, digitization, disruption, e-commerce, human-centered data economy, IIoT, Industry 4.0, innovation, innovation policy, intellectual commerce, Living lab, mission-led science, multisided platforms, personal data, research impact, social commerce, Supplier Integration, taxonomy, user-generated content},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Gregory Sandstrom}
}
@article {1256,
	title = {Editorial: Innovation for Global and Local Impact (August 2019)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2019},
	month = {08/2019},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {ISPIM,},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1256},
	url = {https://timreview.ca/article/1256},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Gregory Sandstrom}
}
@article {1278,
	title = {Editorial: Insights (November 2019)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2019},
	month = {11/2019},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	chapter = {3},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {artificial intelligence, competitive advantage, cybersecurity, deep learning, Deepfake, design rules, digitalization, entrepreneurial ecosystems, entrepreneurial university, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship education, fake news, innovation, international entrepreneurship, leadership, Learning Capabilities, marketing, motivation, new venture teams, quadruple helix, sanctions, SMEs, teamwork, triple helix, university business incubation},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1278},
	url = {timreview.ca/article/1278},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Gregory Sandstrom}
}
@article {1251,
	title = {Is Joining a Business Incubator or Accelerator Always a Good Thing?},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2019},
	month = {07/2019},
	pages = {5-15},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Business incubators and accelerators are often hailed as essential tools for fostering growth in startups. However, not only do entrepreneurs often face the question of which incubator or accelerator to join, we suggest that they should also question whether or not to join one at all. Is joining a business incubator or accelerator always a good thing? In this article, we investigate some of the negative outcomes entrepreneurs can experience when engaging with an incubator or accelerator. We apply a cross-case analysis of empirical observations from qualitative interviews with Danish and Canadian entrepreneurs to arrive at a set of recommendations that entrepreneurs should keep in mind when considering such an engagement. These points are further qualified based on informal interviews with four serial entrepreneurs.},
	keywords = {accelerator, Canada, Denmark, disadvantages, incubator, Lithuania, new venture, start-up},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1251},
	url = {https://timreview.ca/article/1251},
	author = {Kristina Lukosiute and S{\o}ren Jensen and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {1071,
	title = {Editorial: Lean and Global (May 2017)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {05/2017},
	pages = {3-5},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {born global, entrepreneurship, global, international new venture, internationalization, lean, startup},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1071},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1071},
	author = {Chris McPhee and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {1077,
	title = {Initiating a New Research Phase in the Field of International Entrepreneurship: An Interview with Professor Nicole Coviello},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {05/2017},
	pages = {52-56},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {born global, definitions, international business, international entrepreneurship, international new ventures, internationalization, lean and global startups},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1077},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1077},
	author = {Nicole Coviello and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {1072,
	title = {Is There a Lean Future for Global Startups?},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {05/2017},
	pages = {6-15},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {This article integrates insights from the latest research on the lean startup entrepreneurial method, born-global firms, and global startups. It contributes to the clarification of terminology referring to the global aspects of startups, summarizes insights from previous literature focusing on global startups, and further substantiates the articulation of the need for considering the lean global startup as a new type of firm. The main message is that the lessons learned from the emergence of lean startup entrepreneurship offer a basis for promoting a similar lean phase in technology-based global startup research and practice. The analysis should benefit both researchers and practitioners in technology entrepreneurship, international entrepreneurship, and global innovation management. },
	keywords = {born global, global startup, international entrepreneurship, international new venture, lean global startup, lean startup, technology startup},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1072},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1072},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {1082,
	title = {Using Artificial Intelligence and Web Media Data to Evaluate the Growth Potential of Companies in Emerging Industry Sectors},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {06/2017},
	pages = {25-37},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {In this article, we describe our efforts to adapt and validate a web search and analytics tool {\textendash} the Gnowit Cognitive Insight Engine {\textendash} to evaluate the growth and competitive potential of new technology startups and existing firms in the newly emerging precision medicine sector. The results are based on two different search ontologies and two different samples of firms. The first sample includes established drug companies operating in the precision medicine field and was used to estimate the relationship between the firms{\textquoteright} innovativeness and the extent of online discussions focusing on their potential growth. The second sample includes new technology firms in the same sector. The firms in the second sample were used as test cases to determine whether their growth-related web search scores would relate to the degree of their innovativeness. The second part of the study applied the same methodology to the real-time monitoring of the firms{\textquoteright} competitive actions. In our findings, we see that our methodology reveals a moderate degree of correlation between the Insight Engine{\textquoteright}s algorithmically computed relevance scores and independent measures of innovation potential. The existence of such correlations invites future work in attempting to analyze company growth potential using techniques founded in web content scraping, natural language processing, and machine learning.},
	keywords = {analytics, artificial intelligence, business intelligence, entrepreneurship, online textual data, precision medicine sector, startup growth potential},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1082},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1082},
	author = {Andrew Droll and Shahzad Khan and Ehsanullah Ekhlas and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {941,
	title = {The Emergence of the Lean Global Startup as a New Type of Firm},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2015},
	month = {11/2015},
	pages = {12-19},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {This article contributes to the interplay between international entrepreneurship, innovation networks, and early internationalization research by emphasizing the need to conceptualize and introduce a new type of firm: the lean global startup. It discussed two different paths in linking the lean startup and born-global internationalization strategies. The first path refers to generic lean startups that have undertaken a rapid internationalization strategy (i.e., lean-to-global startups). The second path refers to startups that have started operating on global scale since their inception and adopted the lean startup approach by seamlessly synergizing their global and lean product development activities. The article emphasizes several aspects that could be used as part of the theoretical foundation for conceptualizing lean global startups as a special new type of firm: i) the emergent nature of their business models, including the challenges of partnership development on a global scale; ii) the inherently relational nature of the global resource allocation processes; iii) the integration of the entrepreneurial, effectuation, and global marketing perspectives; iv) the need to deal with a high degree of uncertainty, including the uncertainty associated with cross-border business operations; and v) linking the ex-ante characteristics of lean startups with the ex-post characteristics of born-global firms in order to develop a technology adoption marketing perspective that considers the {\textquotedblleft}crossing the chasm{\textquotedblright} process as a successful entry into a global market niche. },
	keywords = {born global firm, early internationalization, effectuation theory, hypothesis-driven entrepreneurship, international entrepreneurship, lean and global start-up, lean and global startup, lean startup, technology adoption lifecycle},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/941},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/941},
	author = {Erik Stavnsager Rasmussen and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {826,
	title = {Conceptualizing Innovation in Born-Global Firms},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2014},
	month = {09/2014},
	pages = {5-10},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {This article summarizes the insights from a systematic study of the research literature focusing on the innovation aspects of born-global firms {\textendash} ventures that were launched to exploit a global niche from the earliest days of their operations. The authors provide a snapshot of opinions on the different aspects of innovation in the way they were conceptualized in the academic literature. The insights are based on a selection of 32 peer-reviewed journal articles addressing the different challenges associated with early internationalization and innovation in such ventures. The article emphasizes that the early internationalization of new ventures should be considered as an innovation process in itself and that innovation and internationalization have a positive effect on each other. In addition, it points out the role of knowledge acquisition and networking capabilities as key innovation enablers and refers to the emergence of the lean startup perspective on the innovation processes in born-global firms. The suggested insights will be relevant to researchers and practitioners interested in the relationship between early internationalization and innovation in international new ventures and lean global startups.},
	keywords = {born global, business model, early internationalization, Innovation management, lean startup approach},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/826},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/826},
	author = {Erik Zijdemans and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {855,
	title = {Disruptive Innovation vs Disruptive Technology: The Disruptive Potential of the Value Propositions of 3D Printing Technology Startups},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2014},
	month = {12/2014},
	pages = {27-36},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {This article describes an empirical study focusing on the classification of existing business opportunities in the 3D printing technology sector. The authors address three research questions. First, how do technology startups integrate new 3D printing technologies into specific market offers? Second, which value propositions are most attractive in terms of interest from the public and investors? Third, how does the degree of disruptiveness of value propositions relate to the degree of interest from the public and investors? The most notable finding is the link between the business traction of 3D printing technology startups and the degree of disruptiveness of their value propositions. Thus, the article provides empirical support for the conceptualization of the degree of disruptiveness of the value proposition as a metric for the evaluation of the business potential of new technology startups. },
	keywords = {3D printing technology, additive manufacturing, disruptive innovation, value proposition},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/855},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/855},
	author = {Finn Hahn and S{\o}ren Jensen and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {763,
	title = {Generative Innovation Practices, Customer Creativity, and the Adoption of New Technology Products},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2014},
	month = {02/2014},
	pages = {5-10},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {We offer a critical reflection on one of the key reasons for the startlingly low success rate of innovation initiatives worldwide {\textendash} the fact that the interactive environment surrounding the customer is a critical part of the adoption process; it can and should be designed in a way that enables customer creativity, and thus adoption. In this article, we embrace a definition of innovation as {\textquotedblleft}the adoption of a new practice by a community{\textquotedblright} where the innovator is the one who does not only sense and move into new opportunities but also mobilizes all the necessary resources needed by customers to adopt a new practice. The emphasis on adoption merges together innovation and entrepreneurship by shifting the focus from the inventor and the designer, through the entrepreneur, to the ultimate recipient of the innovative outcomes. Looking at customers as co-creators is critically important for technological product adoption; missing the chance to enable their creativity is equivalent to missing the opportunity of seeing them for who they really are. The result is a distorted vision that is ultimately rooted in the misconception of the dynamics of customer value. We particularly emphasize two points: i) the increasing degree of complexity of everyday technological products requires a higher degree of creativity by customers to adopt; and ii) customer creativity is not only a function of user-technology interaction, it is a function of the various actors in the interactive environment surrounding the customer such as other customers, other technologies, local distributors, customer/technical support providers, and competitors. },
	keywords = {co-creation, customer creativity, customer value, entrepreneurship, innovation, technology adoption},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/763},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/763},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Marianne Harbo Frederiksen}
}
@article {752,
	title = {TIM Lecture Series {\textendash} Technology Adoption by Design: Insights for Entrepreneurs},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2013},
	month = {12/2013},
	pages = {39-41},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {activity theory, actor-network theory, co-creation, customer creativity, innovation, invention, technology adoption},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/752},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/752},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {561,
	title = {Editorial: Global Business Creation (June 2012)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2012},
	month = {06/2012},
	pages = {3-5},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {global business creation, globalization, international business, startups, venture creation},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/561},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/561},
	author = {Chris McPhee and Marko Sepp{\"a} and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {532,
	title = {Global from the Start: The Characteristics of Born-Global Firms in the Technology Sector},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2012},
	month = {03/2012},
	pages = {5-8},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {This article provides insights from recent research on firms that are "born global". A born-global firm is a venture launched to exploit a global niche from the first day of its operations. The insights in this article are relevant to technology entrepreneurs and top management teams of new technology firms. After discussing various definitions for the term "born global" and identifying the main characteristics of born-global firms, this article lists a few salient characteristics of firms that are born global in the technology sector. The article concludes by identifying opportunities for future research.},
	keywords = {born global, international business, technology entrepreneurship},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/532},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/532},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {422,
	title = {Editorial: Co-Creation (March 2011)},
	journal = {Open Source Business Resource},
	year = {2011},
	month = {03/2011},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	type = {Editorial},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {The editorial theme for this issue of the OSBR is Co-Creation. The articles invited for publication in this special issue of the OSBR were originally presented last September at EBRF 2010, in Nokia, Finland. EBRF - the research forum to understand business in the knowledge society - is the oldest international peer-reviewed business research conference organized annually in Finland. The first EBRF conference was organized in Tampere, Finland in 2001. The grand theme of the 10th anniversary EBRF conference was "Co-Creation as a Way Forward".

For this issue of the OSBR, a preliminary subset of EBRF articles were selected by a specifically designed committee of scholars that was asked to nominate EBRF articles fitting the topic of the special issue and providing valuable insights to both scholars and practitioners. We invited the authors to create specialized versions of the papers that were previously published in the EBRF 2010 Conference Proceedings by focusing on the practical relevance of their research for an audience including not only scholars but also business and technology experts. After the submission of the OSBR versions, an additional peer review process was used to select seven articles offering diverse perspectives on co-creation.  
},
	issn = {1913-6102},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/422},
	author = {Chris McPhee and Marko Sepp{\"a} and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {423,
	title = {The Future of Co-Creation},
	journal = {Open Source Business Resource},
	year = {2011},
	month = {03/2011},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	type = {Articles},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {The objective of this article is to provide a brief summary of the key directions in value co-creation research that have emerged in the last 10 years. It points to several emerging streams in value co-creation research including: i) general management perspective; ii) new product development and innovation; iii) virtual customer environments; iv) service science and service-dominant logic (SDL) of marketing; and v) international markets and entrepreneurship, with a focus on the general management and innovation perspectives. In addition, the article points to another emerging new direction focusing on business co-creation. The development of business co-creation frameworks integrating the participatory role of both universities and vibrantly emerging business ecosystems represents a valuable alternative to traditional technology transfer and business administration approaches.},
	issn = {1913-6102},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/423},
	author = {Marko Sepp{\"a} and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {496,
	title = {Innovation Policy Development and the Emergence of New Innovation Paradigms},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2011},
	month = {11/2011},
	pages = {14-19},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {The objective of the present article is to discuss innovation policy issues related to three emerging innovation paradigms: user-driven innovation, open innovation, and value co-creation. It provides a summary of insights based on innovation policy practices and challenges in Denmark. The choice of Danish innovation policy practices is not accidental. In 2008 Denmark implemented 40 different national innovation programs by allocating about 400 million euros. Since the three emerging paradigms have become globally relevant, the discussion of Danish policy development challenges and practices is expected to be insightful for innovation experts from other developed countries that are currently dealing with the adoption of these paradigms. },
	keywords = {innovation, Open innovation, policy, user-driven innovation, value co-creation},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/496},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/496},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Mette Pr{\ae}st Knudsen and Tanja Bisgaard and Merethe Stjerne Thomsen}
}
@article {301,
	title = {Components of Co-creation},
	journal = {Open Source Business Resource},
	year = {2009},
	month = {11/2009},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	type = {Articles},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Value co-creation is an emerging innovation, marketing and business paradigm describing how customers and users are seen as active participants in the design of personalized products, services and experiences. Often this participation is organised via the Internet to enable the opportunity for customers to integrate their knowledge, experience and skills into existing, modified or entirely new market offerings reflecting their personal preferences, needs and contexts. There is a growing body of literature dedicated to the discussion of value co-creation frameworks, mechanisms and processes. However, these typically focus on the study, discussion and analysis of a small number of cases using deep, ethnographic description of their practices aiming at conceptualization and categorization of the different types of interactions between end users, the firm and the value network. Although useful, such an approach misses the advantages of an empirically driven quantitative approach that benefits from larger size samples and is more appropriate for theory building through the development and testing of hypotheses. It is important, therefore, to seek the development of a research methodology that combines the benefits of both qualitative and quantitative research approaches for studying the nature of value co-creation.

The article provides a first attempt to identify the main research steps of such a methodology. It provides some preliminary results on the key components of value co-creation between firms and end customers based on the application of web search and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) techniques. The analysis of these preliminary results is then used as an opportunity to identify a number of research questions to be addressed in future research. The emerging research questions follow the inner logic of the value co-creation phenomenon as well as the nature of the results reported in this article. The specific nature of the results was found to be suitable for the application of small-N techniques such as the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) technique which combines the advantages of both qualitative and quantitative techniques. One of the main contributions of this article is to suggest and explore the possibility for using the QCA technique in future research on value co-creation.},
	issn = {1913-6102},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/301},
	author = {Stephen Allen and Tony Bailetti and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {306,
	title = {Editorial: Value Co-Creation (December 2009)},
	journal = {Open Source Business Resource},
	year = {2009},
	month = {12/2009},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	type = {Editorial},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {The December issue of the  OSBR continues our discussion on the topic of value co-creation. According to Prahalad and Krishnan, most of the succesful companies in 2015 will be using value co-creation practices and companies that do not make the efforts to adopt such practices will soon lack a serious competitive advantage. Business models based on value co-creation are not simply adopting a new possible way of doing business. Value co-creation business models follow the way society goes and missing this tendency might be critical for businesses. The key danger is to try seeing value co-creation within the context of our old thinking. This is an easy human mistake that could lead to the wrong questions to answer. In exploring value co-creation, we have not discussed all the possible answers, but have set a stage for finding the right questions.
},
	issn = {1913-6102},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/306},
	author = {Dru Lavigne and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {299,
	title = {Editorial: Value Co-Creation (November 2009)},
	journal = {Open Source Business Resource},
	year = {2009},
	month = {11/2009},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	type = {Editorial},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {The relationship between companies that produce and distribute goods and the consumers who purchase and use those goods is often portrayed as "us vs. them". While technology provides the tools needed for communication and collaboration, company-consumer collaboration is often met with skepticism. Is it possible for companies and the users of their products to form mutually beneficial relationships that create value? The concept of value co-creation attempts to answer that question and it is the editorial theme of the November and December issues of the OSBR.

Co-creation: New pathways to value reminds us that "It is...the quality of the relationship that companies form with and facilitate among their customers, which will determine how knowledge is created, shared and transferred". The authors in this issue introduce us to who is involved in these relationships, their motivations, and techniques.},
	issn = {1913-6102},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/299},
	author = {Dru Lavigne and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {228,
	title = {How Companies Make Money Through Involvement in Open Source Hardware Projects},
	journal = {Open Source Business Resource},
	year = {2009},
	month = {02/2009},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	type = {Articles},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {The study of open source software (OSS) development and business strategies has become the subject of significant research interest. However, there is little research on business models associated with the development of open source assets other than software such as hardware or content. This article provides an overview of current business models for creating revenue for both open source software and hardware. It then summarizes our research of market offers to identify the ways companies use open source hardware (OSH) projects to make money. The research results provide insights about the dimensions of open source business models in an area other than typical software development.},
	issn = {1913-6102},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/228},
	author = {Edy Ferreira and Stoyan Tanev}
}
@article {309,
	title = {Value Co-creation as Part of an Integrative Vision of Innovation Management},
	journal = {Open Source Business Resource},
	year = {2009},
	month = {12/2009},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	type = {Articles},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Value co-creation is an emerging concept in business, marketing and innovation management. Its growing interest points to the emergence of a new semantic wave in innovation research that requires the adoption of new terminology, frameworks and fields of research exploration. There is a number of existing research streams that provide a solid starting point in the discussion of different perspectives on co-creation. One key research aspect that needs to be further addressed is the potential benefits from the adoption of value co-creation practices and strategies.

This article shares insights from an attempt to position the value co-creation paradigm within an integrative vision for innovation management research and practices. This positioning is a challenging task as the meaning of the terms "value co-creation" and "integrative" innovation management need to be more fully clarified. We attempt to identify an appropriate plane of conceptual integrity that could be used to describe the innovation management field within the context of its relation to value co-creation.},
	issn = {1913-6102},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/309},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Mette Knudsen and Wolfgang Gerstlberger}
}
@article {115,
	title = {Open Standards vs. Open Source: a Case of the OpenAccess Standard},
	journal = {Open Source Business Resource},
	year = {2008},
	month = {01/2008},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	type = {Articles},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {In this article we provide some insights into the relationship between non-code based open assets, open development processes, and open standards. The insights are based on a case study of the OpenAccess Project of the Silicon Integration Initiative. The unique relationship between the OA standard{\textquoteright}s openness, evolution and adoption is an example of how open processes could be used to enable design tool interoperability, innovation, and cooperation.},
	issn = {1913-6102},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/115},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev and Amy Xu and Jim Wilmore}
}
@article {159,
	title = {TIM Lecture Series: Trends in Technology Marketing},
	journal = {Open Source Business Resource},
	year = {2008},
	month = {06/2008},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	type = {Articles},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {On May 23, 2008, Stoyan Tanev from Carleton University delivered a presentation entitled "Trends in Technology Marketing". This section provides the key messages from Dr. Tanev{\textquoteright}s lecture. Tanev{\textquoteright}s lecture discussed current trends in technology innovation and marketing by focusing on the evolution of traditional marketing concepts.},
	issn = {1913-6102},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/159},
	author = {Stoyan Tanev}
}
